1914年欧洲冠军联赛冠军是谁-1914年欧洲冠军联赛

曼联历史（英文）

Manchester United F.C. is a world-famous English football club. It is based at Old Trafford Football Ground, Trafford, Greater Manchester. Manchester United is one of the most successful football clubs in English football history, hing won the FA Premier League/Football League 15 times, FA Cup 11 times, the League Cup twice, the European Cup twice, the UEFA Cup Winners Cup once, the Intercontinental Cup once, and the European Super Cup once. The club has had the highest erage attendance in English football for the past 34 seasons, with the exception of 1987-1989 during redevelopment at Old Trafford. [1]. The 'Red Devils' are considered to be the best supported football club in the world.

The club was formed as Newton Heath F.C. in 1878 as the works team of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway depot at Newton Heath. After nearing bankruptcy in 1902, the club was taken over by J. H. Dies who changed its name to Manchester United. The Old Trafford Football Ground was bombed during the Second World War, leading the club to seek charity from their then-illustrious neighbours Manchester City, who allowed them to play their games at Maine Road for a period. United ointed Sir Matt Busby as manager after the Second World War, and his then-unheard-of policy of producing most of the players through the club's youth team brought great success, with the club winning the Football League in 1956 and 1957. This success was halted by the Munich air disaster of 1958, in which eight of the club's players died. It was thought that the club might fold, but instead went on to win the football league in 1965 and 1967, and the European Cup in 1968.

The club did not see success again until the 1990s and early 2000s when Sir Alex Ferguson guided it to eight league championships in eleven years, most recently in the 2002-03 season. In 1999, Manchester United became the only team to win the UEFA Champions League, FA Premier League and the FA Cup in the same season. The club had been run as a Public Limited Company since 1991, and an attempted takeover by Rupert Murdoch had been blocked by the British Government in 1998, but in 2005 Malcolm Glazer completed a hostile takeover of the club which plunged the club into massive de as his bid was heily funded by borrowing on the assets owned already by Manchester United.

History

Early years (1878-1945)

Main article: Manchester United pre-1945

The Busby years (1945-1969)

Main article: Manchester United 1945-1969

Matt Busby was ointed manager in 1942 and took a then-unheard of roach to his job, joining the players for training as well as performing administrative tasks. He was immediately successful, with the club finishing second in the league in 1947 and winning the FA Cup in 1948.

He adopted a policy of bringing in players from the youth team whenever possible, and the team won the league in 1956 with an erage age of only 22. This youth policy has now become instrumental in the club's success. The following season, they won the league again and reached the FA Cup final, losing to Aston Villa. They also became the first English team to compete in the European Cup, and reached the semi-final.

Tragedy struck the following season, when the plane carrying the team home from a European Cup match crashed on take-off at a refueling stop in Munich. The Munich air disaster of 6 February 1958 claimed the lives of eight players and another fif passengers. There was talk of the club folding but, with Jimmy Murphy taking over as manager while Matt Busby recovered from his injuries, the club continued playing with a makeshift side. Despite this, they reached the FA Cup final again, where they lost to Bolton.

Busby rebuilt the team throughout the early 1960s, signing players such as Denis Law and Pat Crerand. The team won the FA Cup in 1963, then won the league in 1965 and 1967 and the European Cup in 1968, the first English Club to do so. This team was notable for containing three European Footballers of the Year: Bobby Charlton, Denis Law and George Best. Busby resigned as manager in 1969 and was replaced by the reserve-team and former United player Wilf McGuinness.

1969-1986

Main article: Manchester United 1969-1986

Manchester United F.C badge in the 10s.United struggled to replace Busby, and the team struggled under Wilf McGuinness and Frank O'Farrell before Tommy Docherty became manager at the end of 12. Docherty, or 'the Doc', sed United from relegation that season but United were relegated in 14. The team won promotion at the first attempt and reached the FA Cup final in 16, but were beaten by Southampton. They reached the final again in 17, beating Liverpool. In spite of this success, and his popularity with the supporters, Docherty was sacked soon after the final when he was found to he had an affair with the physiotherapist's wife.

De Sexton replaced Docherty as manager in the summer of 17, and made the team play in a more defensive formation. This style was unpopular with supporters, who were used to the attacking football preferred by Docherty and Busby, and after failing to win a trophy Sexton was sacked in 1981, despite winning his last seven games in charge.

He was replaced by the flamboyant Ron Atkinson who immediately broke the British record transfer fee to sign Bryan Robson from West Brom. Atkinson's team featured new signings such as Jesper Olsen and Gordon Strachan playing alongside the former youth-team players Norman Whiteside and Mark Hughes. United won the FA Cup in 1983 and 1985 and were overwhelming fourites to win the league in the 1985-86 season after winning their first ten league games, opening a ten-point gap over their rivals as early as October. The team's form collapsed, however, and United finished the season in fourth place. The poor form continued into the following season, and with United on the edge of the First Division's relegation zone, Atkinson was sacked.

Alex Ferguson era, pre-treble (1986-1998)

Main article: Manchester United 1986-1998

Alex Ferguson arrived from Aberdeen FC to replace Atkinson and guided the club to an 11th place finish. The following season (1987-88), United finished second, with Brian McClair becoming the first United player since George Best to score twenty league goals in a season.

However, United struggled badly throughout 1989 and were nearly relegated, with many of Ferguson's signings not reaching the expectations of the fans. There was hope that Ferguson would be sacked at the beginning of 1990 but a win in the third round of the FA Cup over Nottingham Forest kept the season alive and United went on to win the competition, beating Crystal Palace on a replay in the final.

United won the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1990/91, beating that season's Spanish champions Barcelona in the final, but the following season was a disointment for United as a late season slump saw them miss out on the league to rivals Leeds United. Meanwhile in 1991 the club had floated on the London Stock Exchange with a valuation of ?18 million, thus bringing its finances into the public eye as never before.

The arrival of Eric Cantona in November 1992 provided the crucial spark for United, and blending with the best of trusted talent in Gary Pallister, Denis Irwin and Paul Ince, as well as budding stars like Ryan Giggs, they finished the 1992/93 season as Champions for the first time since 1967. They won the double (the league and the FA Cup) for the first time the following season, aided by the capture of Roy Keane, a determined midfielder from Nottingham Forest. In the same year however, the club was plunged into mourning following the death of legendary manager and club president Matt Busby, who died on 20 January 1994.

In 1994/95, Cantona received an eight month suspension for jumping into the crowd and assaulting Crystal Palace supporter Matthew Simmons, in United's game at Selhurst Park. Drawing their last league match and losing to Everton in the FA Cup final left United as runners-up in both the league and FA Cup. Ferguson then outraged the supporters by selling key players and replacing them with players from the club's youth team, including Did Beckham, Gary Neville, Phil Neville and Paul Scholes. The new players, several of whom quickly became regular internationals for England, did surprisingly well and United won the double again in 1995-96. This was the first time any English club had won the double twice.

United's European unbeaten home record was broken by Fenerbah?e when they won 1-0 on October 30, 1996 with a deflected Elvir Boli? goal.

They won the league in 19, and Eric Cantona announced his retirement from football at the age of 30. They started the following season (19/98) well, but they finished the season in second place, behind the double-winning champions Arsenal.

The treble (1998-99)

Main article: Manchester United 1998-1999

1998-99 was when Manchester United had the most successful season in English club football history as they became the first and only English team to win The Treble - winning the Premiership, FA Cup and UEFA Champions League in the same season. After a very tense Premier League season, Manchester United won the title on the final day beating Tottenham Hotspur 2-1, whilst Arsenal won 1-0 with Aston Villa. Winning the Premiership was the first part of the Treble in place, the one part that manager Alex Ferguson described as the hardest. In the FA Cup Final United faced Newcastle United and won 2-0 with goals from Teddy Sheringham and Paul Scholes. In the final match of that season, the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final they defeated Bayern Munich in what was then considered the greatest comeback ever witnessed. After going down to an early goal from a Mario Basler free kick, United chased the game for 85 minutes. After 90 minutes they forced a corner which was converted home by late substitute Teddy Sheringham. Not giving up, Man Utd went for a second and it came again from a corner, Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, another late substitute, poked it into the roof of the net. Ferguson was subsequently knighted for his services to football.

After the treble (1999-present)

Main article: Manchester United 1999-present

United won the league in 2000 and 2001 but the press saw these seasons as failures as they failed to regain the European Cup. Ferguson adopted more defensive tactics to make United harder to beat in Europe but it was not a success and United finished the season in third place in 2002. They regained the league the following season (2002-03) and started the following season well, but their form dropped significantly when Rio Ferdinand received an eight month suspension for missing a drugs test. They did win the 2004 F.A. Cup, however, knocking out Arsenal (that season's eventual champions) on their way to the final in which they beat Millwall.

The 2004-05 season was characterised by a failure to score goals, mainly due to the injury of striker Ruud van Nistelrooy and United finished the season trophyless and in third place in the league. This time, even the "consolation prize" of the F.A. Cup eluded them as Arsenal beat United on penalties after a goalless match. Off the pitch, the main story was the possibility of the club being taken over and at the end of the season, Tampa businessman Malcolm Glazer, (who also owns the American Football team Tampa Bay Buccaneers), acquired a controlling interest in the club. United made a poor start to the 2005-06 season, with midfielder Roy Keane leing the club to join his boyhood heroes Celtic after publicly criticising several of his teammates, and the club failed to qualify for the knock-out phase of the UEFA Champions League for the first time in over a decade after losing to Portuguese team SL Benfica. Their season was also dealt cruel blows with injuries to key players such as Gabriel Heinze, Alan Smith and Paul Scholes. However, they were prevented from being left empty handed in successive seasons - a disointment not endured in the last 17 years - by winning the 2006 League Cup beating newly promoted Wigan in the final 4-0. United also ensured a second-place finish and automatic Champions League qualification on the final day of the season by defeating Charlton Athletic 4-0.

The Malcolm Glazer takeover

Main article: Malcolm Glazer takeover of Manchester United

On May 13 2005, businessman Malcolm Glazer acquired a controlling interest in the club through his investment vehicle Red Football Ltd. in a takeover valuing it at roximately ?800 million ($1.47 billion). On May 16, he increased his share to the 75% necessary to delist the club from the Stock Exchange, making it private again, and announced his intention to do so within 20 days. On 7 June he ointed his sons Joel, Avram, and Bryan to the P.L.C. board of Manchester United as a non-executive directors. It was for a while expected that Joel would be installed as the new Chairman, however that never hened. At the same time Sir Roy Gardner resigned his position as Chairman of the P.L.C. board, along with non-executive directors Jim O'Neill and Ian Much. Malcolm Glazer also re-ointed Andy Anson as Commercial Director after voting him off the Board at the previous M. He also retained Chief Executive Did Gill and Finance Director Nick Humby in their current positions in spite of their pre-takeover descriptions of the Glazer's business plan as being "aggressive and unworkable".

In July 2006 the club announced a refinancing package. Previously the de taken on by the Glazers to financing the club was split between the club and the family, but now it will all be in the club. The total amount will be ?660 million, on which interest payments will be ?62 million a year. This is a 30% reduction in interest charges. The club stated, "The value of Manchester United has increased in the last year, which is why lenders want to invest in the club.... 'This move represents good housekeeping and it ensures that Sir Alex Ferguson will be provided with sufficient funds to compete in the transfer market." The Manchester United Supporters' Trust responded, "'The amount of money needed to be repaid overall is huge.... 'The interest payment is one thing but what about the actual ?660million? It is difficult to see how these sums can be reached without significant increases in ticket prices, which, as we always suspected, means the fans will effectively be paying for someone to borrow money to own their club."[2]

Sponsorship

On 23 November 2005, Vodafone ended their ?36 million, four year shirt sponsorship deal with Manchester United. On 6 April 2006, chief executive Did Gill announced American International Group (AIG) as the new shirt[3] sponsors of Manchester United in a British record shirt sponsorship deal of ?56.5 million to be paid over four years (?14.1 million a year). Manchester United will he the largest sponsorship in the world ahead of Italian side Juventus, who he a ?12.8 million a year sponsorship with Tamoil [4]. The four-year agreement has been heralded as largest sponsorship deal in British history, eclipsing Chelsea's deal with Samsung, but may amount to little more than a loan reduction in view of AIG's interest in the hedge funds that lent the Glazers part of the $1 billion they borrowed to buy the club.[citation needed]

Support

Before the Second World War, few English football supporters trelled to away games because of the time and cost. As City and United played home matches on alternate Saturdays, many Mancunians would watch United one week and City the next. After the war, a stronger rivalry developed and it became more common for a supporter to choose one team to follow exclusively.

When United won the league in 1956, they had the highest erage home attendance in the league, a record that had been held by Newcastle for the previous few years. Following the Munich air disaster in 1958, more people began to support United and many started to go to matches. This swelled United’s support and is one reason why United he had the highest league attendances in English football for almost every season since then, even as a second division side in 14-75.

A 2002 report, Do You Come From Manchester? showed that Manchester City had the higher proportion of season ticket holders living in the Manchester postal districts, whilst United had the higher absolute number of season ticket holders living in the same area.

In the late 1990s and early part of the 2000s, an increasing source of concern for many United supporters was the possibility of the club being taken over. The supporters’ group IMUSA (Independent Manchester United Supporters' Association) were extremely active in opposing a proposed takeover by Rupert Murdoch in 1999. Another pressure group, Shareholders United Against Murdoch (which became Shareholders United and is now the Manchester United Supporters' Trust) was formed at around this time to encourage supporters to buy shares in the club, partly to enable supporters to he a greater say in the issues that concern them, such as ticket prices and allocation, and partly to reduce the risk of an unwanted party buying enough shares to take over the club. However, this scheme failed to prevent Malcolm Glazer from becoming the majority share holder. Many supporters were outraged, and some formed a new club called F.C. United of Manchester.

这里是：://image.baidu/itn=baiduimage&ct=201326592&cl=2&lm=-1&pv=&word=%C2%FC%C1%AA%B6%E1%B9%DA&z=0

曼联队的历史

俱乐部英文名： Manchester United

呢称： 红魔

俱乐部所在国家：英格兰

俱乐部所在城市：曼彻斯特

俱乐部所在联赛：英格兰足球?

俱乐部现任主教练：弗格森爵士?(SIR Alex Ferguson)

俱乐部成立时间：1878年(名为牛顿希思,1902年4月28日改名为曼彻斯特联队)

正式成为职业俱乐部时间:1892年 ?

俱乐部官方网站：manutd

球场：老特拉福德球场

球场容量：76000人

地址：Sir Matt Bu *** y Way, Old Trafford, GB- MANCHESTER Sir Matt Bu *** y Way, Old Trafford, GB- MANCHESTER M16 0RA

官方信箱： webmaster@manutd

电话: +44 161 868 8000

传真: +44 161 868 8804

门票销售及比赛信息咨询（24小时服务）:0161- 872- 0199

会员管理部:0161- 872- 5208

商业部:0161- 872- 3488

邮购业务部:0161-877-77

执行部:0161-872-3331

红咖啡餐厅:0161-930-2930

博物馆及旅游中心:0161-877-4002

官方杂志订购业务:0990-442-442

官方杂志咨询业务:0161-877-8026

官方杂志电子邮购:mail@mufcmag.nw.co.uk

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

英格兰冠军：1992-93，1993-94，1995-96

1996-，1998-99，1999-2000，2000-2001 ，2002-2003

英格兰甲级联赛冠军：1907-08，1910-11，1951-52，1955-56

1956-57，1964-65，1966-67

英格兰乙级联赛冠军：1935-36，14-75

英格兰足总杯冠军： 1909，1948，1963，17，1983，

1985，1990，1994，1996，1999，2004

欧洲冠军杯冠军：1967-68，1998-1999

欧洲优胜者杯冠军：1990-91

欧洲超级杯冠军：1991

丰田杯冠军：2000

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

欧洲最高胜利记录： 曼联10:0 RSC安德莱赫, 1956/9/26 ?

联赛最高胜利记录： 曼联9:0 伊普斯维奇, 1995/3/4

足总杯最高胜利记录： 曼联. 7:2 纽卡斯尔联队, 16/10/27

历史上最大的失利：0：7 布莱克本流浪者队（1926年4月10日英甲联赛）

0：7 阿斯顿维拉队（1930年12月27日英甲联赛）

0：7 沃尔夫汉普顿队（1931年12月26日英乙联赛）

主场最高观众人数： 76,089 曼联 vs 布莱克本(英超第31轮, 2007/03/31)

客场最高观众人数： 81,565 曼联vs 耶奥维尔城(足总杯第五轮,1949/2/12)

主场最低观众人数: 75,115

主场平均观众人数: 75,842

单季联赛最高积分(2分制)：64分（1956-57赛季英甲联赛）

单季联赛最高积分(3分制)：92分（1993-94赛季英超联赛）

单季联赛最多进球：103球（1956-57英甲联赛、1958-59英甲联赛）

单季联赛进球最多球员：32球，丹尼斯·维奥雷特（1959-60赛季）

历史上进球最多的球员：199球，鲍比·查尔顿（1956-73年）

历史上出场最多的球员：606场，鲍比·查尔顿（1956-73年）

球队历史

1878-1902：曼联前身

曼联足球俱乐部成立于1878年，当时的名字叫牛顿希斯LYR队（LYR是大家熟悉的兰开夏郡和约克郡铁路公司的英文缩写）。

牛顿希斯是英格兰一处普通铁路工地的名称。

工地上的工人通过和其他部门或其他铁路公司的球队比赛释放他们对足球的热情，他们不曾想到自己的球队日后会在英格兰足球界乃至国际足球比赛中占有一席之地并成为世界顶级豪门之一，但从这支球队成立之日起，就注定了曼联的踢法是强调团队、充满 *** 的攻势足球。

1888年足联成立之时，创立牛顿希斯队的那些成员自谦的认为他们还不配和布莱克本流浪者队（Blackburn Rovers）及普雷斯顿队（Preston North End）一起组建足联。

牛顿希斯队一直到1892年才加入足联。

1902-1909：曼联的正式诞生与早期辉煌

牛顿希斯队的经济状况比较糟糕，到了二十世纪初，球队出现难以为继窘况。

这时，当地的一位名叫约翰·亨利·戴维斯（John Henry Dies）的酒厂主出资拯救了球队。

戴维斯决定向俱乐部注资，这使得他能从球队经营中获取一定利益。

此后，球队数易其名，先后叫过曼彻斯特中心队，曼彻斯特凯尔特人队等等。

曼联这一日后名震世界足坛的名字是在1902年的4/5间才正式诞生。

戴维斯之后入主曼联的重要人物是欧内斯特·曼格纳尔。

曼格纳尔1903年出任俱乐部秘书，及至今天，他是人们公认的俱乐部第一任主帅。

他旗下的球队中有新近签约的守门员哈里·莫加（Harry Moger）以及前锋查理·萨加尔（Charlie Sagar）。

球队连续在1903-1904，和1904-1905两个赛季获得乙级联赛的第三名.接下来的1905-1906赛季是曼联早期最为辉煌的赛季之一，球队的前卫线迪克·达克沃斯（Dick Duckworth），亚历克斯·贝尔（Alex Bell）以及队长查理·罗伯茨（Charlie Roberts）帮助球队进入了足总杯的四分之一决赛。

而且更重要的是，球队得以从乙级联赛中脱颖而出，终于在参加足球联赛十二年后跻身甲级联赛。

为庆祝胜利，曼格纳尔从同城对手曼彻斯特城队挖来了比利·梅瑞迪斯（Billy Meredith）。

梅瑞迪斯绰号威尔士奇才，可以说是曼联最初的球星，但是当时他卷进了曼城队的一桩贿赂案，正因如此，似乎上天注定日后曼联的很多巨星身上都笼罩了其他足球巨星所没有的独特个性。

这位优秀边锋的加盟使得曼联士气大振，梅瑞迪斯在1907-1908赛季助攻桑迪·特恩布尔（Sandy Turnbull）连连破门得分，最终使球队获得了历史上第一个联赛冠军头衔。

曼联作为联赛冠军首次参加了1908年的慈善盾杯，在比赛中，和桑迪·特恩布尔同姓的吉米·特恩布尔上演帽子戏法，帮助曼联以4比0大胜足总杯得主女王公园巡游者队（Queens Park Rangers），捧得慈善盾杯。

俱乐部的第三座奖杯是1909年的足总杯，曼联在那一年克服重重困难，最后在决赛中凭借桑迪·特恩布尔的一粒进球以1比0战胜布里斯托城队（Bristol City）。

1910-1919：入主老特拉福德的前期岁月

曼联迁入的是老特拉福德球场（Old Trafford），该球场在1909-1910赛季被启用，从此老特拉福德便作为一个彪炳千古的名词进入足球史册。

球场用地由约翰?亨利?戴维斯名下的曼彻斯特酒业公司买下，并转租给曼联俱乐部的。

球场的修建始于1908年，1910年球场竣工后，曼联俱乐部举家搬迁，告别银行街，入主老特拉福德。

曼联在老特拉福德进行的首场比赛是于1910年2月19日迎战来访的利物浦队（Liverpool），让曼联球迷遗憾的是，是役曼联以3比4落败，但可容纳8万人的老特拉福德体育场却座无虚席。

就在几天前，一场暴风将银行街曼联旧主场的老式木看台刮倒，这也许说明了曼联更适合在老特拉福德比赛，曼联更需要这样一个新家，冥冥之中上天注定日后梦剧场的诞生！

在1910-1911赛季，曼联在老特拉福德第一次打满整个赛季便再次荣获联赛冠军。

但曼联赢得并不轻松。

一直到联赛的最后一天，凭借在主场5比1大胜桑德兰队（Sunderland），才最终锁定大局。

在这场比赛中，哈罗德?豪斯（Harold Halse）独中两元。

豪斯决非球队第二次夺冠的唯一进球英雄。

曼联的另一位进球英雄是脾气暴戾，举止夸张的前锋伊诺克?威斯特（Enoch West），这个绰号“棒槌”的家伙在那个赛季里攻入了19粒进球。

在那一年曼联还获得了慈善盾杯的胜利，曼联在比赛中以8比4战胜史云顿城队（Swindon Town），而豪斯更是大出风头，一人独进6球。

接下来的1911-1912赛季，曼联由盛而衰，非但未能卫冕，反倒跌至第十三位，这让球迷大失所望。

俱乐部秘书兼主教练的曼格纳尔不能忍受人们对他的指责，他辞去主教练一职，转投曼联了的同城对手曼城队。

俱乐部费了一番周折才找到时任足联的詹姆斯?约翰?本特利（James John Bentley）接替曼格纳尔。

在本特利的带领下，曼联在1912-1913赛季，排名回升到第四。

1913-1914赛季，曼联经历了一个痛苦的转型期，俱乐部将查理?罗伯茨和亚历克斯?贝尔分别卖给了奥尔德姆和布莱克本。

球队在联赛中的排名滑落到了第十四，而威斯特却连续第三个赛季坐上了球队头号射手的交椅。

在1914-1915赛季，俱乐部对球队的管理进行了重大改革。

1914年的12月，俱乐部首次决定，俱乐部秘书与球队主教练分由两人出任。

于是，本特利成为了俱乐部的全职秘书，而由约翰?罗布森负责球队的管理和球员的挑选。

曼联在1900-1910年取得的骄人战绩成为罗布森执掌的球队无法走出的阴影，1909年杯赛冠军队成员中只有乔治?斯塔希（Gee Stacey），比利?梅瑞迪斯和桑迪?特恩布尔继续留在曼联效力。

因此，曼联在本赛季的命运也就可想而知了，曼联俱乐部苦苦挣扎，差一分就降级。

而曼格纳尔率领的曼城队却取得了联赛第五名的成绩，领先曼联足足有13位，这等于是在曼联的伤口上又撒上了一把盐。

没等曼联好怎样重整旗鼓，一次世界大战爆发了，人们把足球抛在脑后，足球联赛被迫中断，而各俱乐部只能踢踢地区比赛。

在接下来的四个赛季里，曼联参加了兰开夏郡举行了足球锦标赛，参赛的有各级各类的球队，但曼联在这些不尽正规的比赛中成绩也不理想。

更糟糕的是，曼联的伊诺克?威斯特和桑迪?特恩布尔参与曝光，他们被终身禁赛。

桑迪?特恩布尔后来参加了一战中英军麾下一支由足球队员组成的部队，从此告别球场，奔赴战场。

令人惋惜的是，1917年5月，特恩布尔在法国阵亡。

世纪初为俱乐部创造辉煌的英雄们至此已是物是人非、风吹雨打去。

1920-1929：战后初期曼联坎坷的征程

一战硝烟散尽。

1919年8月30日，曼联回到阔别四年的联赛赛场，首战德比郡队，队中除了两名1914-1915赛季的旧将，其余都是新面孔。

比利?梅瑞迪斯还在老特拉福德，但他在曼联已是迟暮英雄。

1919-1920赛季，他只出场19次，球队在联赛中也只是位列12。

乔?斯宾塞（Joe Spence）成为曼联的新秀，他以14粒联赛进球成为球队头号射手。

在接下来的1920-21赛季，他与另一位队友同为球队最佳射手，但进球数却减了半，整个球队排名也下滑排到了第13。

此时的球队主教练罗布森离开了俱乐部，接替他的是约翰?查普曼（John Chapman）。

查普曼继本特利成了曼联历史上又一位同时出任俱乐部秘书和球队主教练的权势人物。

而与此同时，球队的旧主人曼格纳尔与他执掌的曼城队搬进了坐落在缅因路的新体育馆，这成了当地报纸的头条新闻。

曼格纳尔丝毫不介意梅瑞迪斯的一把年纪，重新将他招入曼城队。

也许，这并不是巧合，在梅瑞迪斯离去的第一个赛季，即1921-1922赛季，曼联在42场比赛中只胜了8场，结果降为了乙级队，曼联在英格兰顶级联赛中首次落难。

查普曼率领曼联在乙级联赛中征战，队中已没有任何球星，他们接连两次（1923-1924赛季，1924-1925赛季）冲击甲级联赛失利。

直到1924-1925赛季末晋级成功。

曼联在1925-1926赛季的甲级联赛中名列第九，他们在甲级军团中的地位因此得以稳固。

曼联在这个赛季的足总杯赛中表现不俗，但在布拉莫巷体育场（Bramall Lane）以0比3败给了曼城队，止步于半决赛。

但曼城队的好运似乎也走到了头，他们在决赛中输给了博尔顿，并且降到乙级。

但曼联的支持者还没法看曼城队的笑话。

因为新赛季才开始两个月，曼联的麻烦就来了。

足协宣布将查普曼解职，而且该决定立即生效。

无奈，俱乐部只得先让球队边锋克莱伦斯?希尔迪奇（Clarence Hilditch）接任球员兼主教练，同时多方物色可长期接替罗布森的人选。

但克莱伦斯自己不愿打比赛，因此整个球队的成绩都深受影响。

查普曼的正式继任——赫伯特?巴姆莱特（Herbert Bamlett）——在赛季快结束时才到任。

曼联的球迷还记得，巴姆莱特就是执法曼联和伯恩利的足总杯四分之一决赛的主裁判。

当时比赛是在大雪中进行，曼联以0比1落后于对手，但巴姆莱特由于寒冷而取消了比赛，在重赛中曼联最终夺取了足总杯冠军奖杯，曼联的不屈斗志在英格兰顶级联赛早期就慢慢体现出来。

但遗憾的是，巴姆莱特出任曼联的主教练却始终没有给球队带来胜利。

球队在甲级联赛中的排名每况愈下，1926-1927赛季跌至15位，到了1927-1928赛季则更是滑到了第18名，只是到了1928-1929赛季，球队成绩才略有起色，排名上升到了第12名。

乔?斯宾塞虽然有大把的进球入帐，却无法挽救曼联的颓势。

1930-1939：曼联最灰暗的岁月

曼联的下坡路从二十年代走进了三十年代，1929-1930赛季结束，曼联排名第十七，曼联球迷无不为球队命运忧心忡忡。

新一轮联赛刚开始，球迷最担心的事情就发生了，曼联史无前例地连输12场，联赛一直进行到了十一月，曼联才开和，在主场以2比0击败伯明翰城队。

在1930-1931赛季里，曼联42场比赛输了27场，球队降级使得巴姆莱特黯然离去。

俱乐部秘书沃尔特?克里格默（Walter Crickmer）接管球队事务。

但球队成绩并没有因此而马上改观。

此时此刻，球队支持者的耐心正经受着严峻的考验，许多球迷都已按奈不住。

联赛的第一场比赛只有数千人到场观战，随着比赛的继续，情况继续恶化。

到了12月，俱乐部已经没有钱支付球员工资了，球队面临着破产的危险。

天无绝曼联之路。

危难之际，詹姆斯?吉布森（James Gibson）成了俱乐部的救世主。

这个军装生产商出资三万英磅支付了球员工资，使俱乐部重新运转起来。

吉布森任命斯科特?邓肯（Scott Duncan）担当球队新的主教练。

吉布森给了邓肯大把的钱，可邓肯没有好好利用这笔资金。

曼联在邓肯执掌期间情况继续恶化，直到联赛的最后一场比赛结束才算逃生。

在那场比赛中，曼联凭借汤姆?曼雷（Tom Manley）和杰克?卡普（Jack Cape）的各一粒进球才以2比0挫败对手米尔沃尔队（Millwall）。

曼联在1934-1935赛季尚未回到甲级联赛，结束时排名第五，在1935-1936赛季曼联赢得了三十年代的第一座奖杯。

曼联在赛季的最后19场比赛中保持不败，在吉格巷球场（Gigg Lane）凭借曼雷和乔治?姆奇（Gee Mutch）的进球以3比2击败伯雷队（Bury），荣获乙级联赛冠军。

曼联在乙级联赛后期的表现似乎预示着球队在重返甲级联赛后也会有不俗表现，但直到圣诞曼联才赢了四场比赛。

一个赛季才胜10场就意味着降级，而与曼联形成鲜明对比的是同城兄弟曼城队，曼城队在这个赛季获得了甲级联赛冠军。

随曼联降级的球员中有球星沃特?温特伯顿（Walter Winterbottom），而此人日后担任英格兰队主教练16年，并被加封爵士头衔。

在乙级联赛征战一年后，曼联升级成功，但1937-1938甲级联赛重开之后，曼联成绩仍是摇摆不定。

曼联在邓肯和克里格默率领之下征战乙级联赛的一个亮点是约翰尼?卡瑞（Johnny Carey）的脱颖而出，他以后成了人们公认的足球史上最优秀的后卫之一，这位球员也许是曼联早期为数不多的名号响亮的球星之一。

在新一轮甲级联赛中，卡瑞出场32次，进了6个球，帮助曼联以排名14的成绩保级。

而这一回，轮到了曼城队降级。

但曼联的球迷还没高兴多久，二次世界大战爆发，足球联赛再一次被迫休战，这一停又是几年。

1940-1949：巨人的复苏

从1939年到1946年欧洲各国忙于应付二战，在这期间，足球被抛在了一边。

但即便联赛休战，老特拉福德球场也仍是人们关注的焦点.1941年3月11日，老特拉福德遭到德军空袭。

球场主看台、球员更衣室以及俱乐部办公室在空袭中被炸毁，这是老特拉福德最早遭受的一次异常沉重的打击。

但时隔几年，人们在这块著名的球场又找回了欢乐。

为大家带来欢乐的是曼联俱乐部神话般的人物马特?巴斯比。

现在看来，巴斯比爵士可以评为曼联历史上最重要的人物。

巴斯比曾经效力于曼城队和利物浦队，在二战期间，他在利物浦军团第九营服役。

在军营中，他就表现出了杰出的领导才能，并受到了曼联俱乐部的关注。

巴斯比于1945年加盟曼联，合约期限为5年。

当时他怎么也想不到，他会在曼联一待就是25年，而且还当上了俱乐部的负责人。

巴斯比一上任就显示强将风格，他更换了几位重要球员的位置。

巴斯比将吉米?德莱尼（Jimmy Delaney），斯坦?皮尔森（Stan Pearson），杰克?罗利（Jack Rowley），查理?米顿（Charlie Mitten）以及约翰尼?莫里斯（Johnny Morris）连成一气，构建了曼联锋线上著名的“五剑客”阵容。

巴斯比在曼联作出的最重要的贡献是他为球队引进了优秀的教练。

马特在二战期间认识了吉米?墨菲（Jimmy Murphy）。

巴斯比认为墨菲将是他的黄金搭档。

他们二人联手，将曼联塑造成了世界足坛的一支劲旅，正是从此时开始，曼联踏上了足坛豪门之旅。

巴斯比和墨菲在成功路上迈出的第一步是使球队在国内比赛中具有联赛夺冠的实力。

他们第一次努力就取得了显著成效。

在1946-1947赛季，即二战以后的首轮甲级联赛中，曼联紧随利物浦成为联赛亚军。

这可是曼联36年来在联赛中的最佳名次。

还有一桩令球迷开心的事是，曼联预备队在这个赛季举行的（中部）联赛中获得冠军。

1948年，巴斯比率领一支由当地年轻球员和大牌球星组成的球队在足总杯决赛中击败了由斯坦利?马修斯（Stanley Matthews），斯坦?莫特森（Stan Mortensen）以及哈里?约翰斯顿（Harry Johnston）领军的布莱克普尔队（Blackpool），获得了新曼联队的首座奖杯。

这距离俱乐部上次捧回足总杯的1909年已是39个年头了。

1948年足总杯赛的胜利也是曼联俱乐部自1911年夺取联赛冠军以来获得的第一项重要赛事的头衔。

但对于马特?巴斯比率领的新曼联队而言，重夺联赛冠军是他们的首要目标。

在巴斯比执掌曼联的战后第一个五年里，曼联四次获得联赛亚军，在1949-1950赛季位居殿军。

曼联在冠军争夺战中所上演的精彩比赛使曾经心灰意冷的球迷纷纷回头，在1948-1949赛季到现场为曼联助威的球迷超过了一百万，那些 *** 球迷重回老特拉福德为曼联喝彩，曼联球迷的 *** 慢慢释放。

而球队很快就用胜利来回报球迷的热情。

太多了 复制不了~~~~~请参考

葡萄牙为什么叫五盾之队

葡萄牙之所以叫五盾之队的原因是因为葡萄牙的足球队队徽上面中间是5个盾牌的图案，以及葡萄牙国徽上也有五个盾牌。

五个盾分别代表当时葡萄牙王国的5个地区，所以喜欢葡萄牙的球迷就选择了五盾之队这个外号来称呼它，葡萄牙国家队是传统强队，而盾牌是防御的象征，五盾军团也说明了这支球队的防守实力强悍。

葡萄牙队的发展

葡萄牙国家男子足球队是一支历史悠久的球队，他成立于1914年之前，在世界上比较默默无闻，直到1966年世界杯，第1次参加世界杯正赛就获得了季军的好成绩，一下子被世人所熟知，可惜之后又淡出人们的视野，直到21世纪才又重新回到世界舞台。

进入到21世纪以后，葡萄牙虽然在世界杯中获得的成绩并不是特别的耀眼，但是每次世界杯的正赛都能够参与进去。在欧洲地区也是一只实打实的强队，2004年获得了亚军，2016年获得冠军，并在2019年获得了欧洲国家联赛冠军，比赛成绩一直比较突出。